Amoled Technology Essay

Since 2001, funded by national and european programs, the Institute is developing new research lines focused on molecular magnets, molecular opto-electronic devices, molecular machines and supraand supermolecular structures with long lived electron transfer processes. The IcMol has employed more than 100 scientific researchers and is based at the Valencia University Campus. The Institute presents the most advanced systems for the preparation and characterization of organic light emitting diodes, organic solar cells and other molecule based opto-electronic devices. Main tasks in the project are the following: †¢ Preparation of p and n type solution processable charge injection layers †¢ Wet processing of optically or electronically active small molecules †¢ Hybrid and standard device preparation and characterization www. uv. es – www. icmol. es Appendix 5:CombOLED Project, Partners Leti Leti is a CEA laboratory located in Grenoble which is one of the main European applied research centres in electronics. More than 85% of its activity is devoted to research that is conducted with outside partners. We are a partner to the industrial world, with 200 collaborators and 350 contracts a year. Leti has led to the creation of almost 30 start-ups in high-technology, including Soitec, the world leader in Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI). We files some 180 patents a year and manage a portfolio of 1,000 inventions protected by patents. Our main areas of activity are as follows: †¢Micro-and nano-technologies for microelectronics, †¢ Technologies, design and integration of microsystems, †¢ Imaging technologies, †¢ Micro- and nano-technologies for biology and health, †¢ Communication technologies and nomad objects. Leti is endowed with an annual budget of 174 Mâ‚ ¬ and employs 1,000 people with, in addition, more than 500 external collaborators (postgraduates, research partners and industrialists). We have 11,000m? of clean rooms, an equipment portfolio worth 200 Mâ‚ ¬ and we invest more than 40 Mâ‚ ¬ a year on new equipment. Leti is one of the main forces behind Minatec ®, Europe’s premier Centre of Excellence in Microand Nano-technologies. In the future Minatec ® is destined to bring together more than 4,000 researchers, industrialists and teaching staff in Grenoble. www-leti. cea. fr Appendix 5:CombOLED Project, Partners PPML PPML is one of the first European companies that are investing in OLED applications. PPML was born in 2005 with the aim to become the excellence in manufacturing OLED based solutions. Having collected a wide database of feasible applications, PPML is currently working in the deployment of some prototypes and general demonstrator in partnership with OSRAM-OS and with the aim to launch the first solutions in parallel with OLED introduction into the lighting market. PPML will contribute to CombOLED project leading the dissemination activities in order to accelerate OLED penetration to the final users. For this reason, PPML will lead a wide dissemination campaign through known channels like the organization of a specific Design Contest and special Workshops with the major European Design School. www. ppml. it Appendix 5:CombOLED Project, Partners Schreiner Group Innovation, Quality, Performance and Enthusiasm are the values of Schreiner Group based in Oberschleissheim near Munich. The family-owned business develops, designs and produces high-tech products. As certified system suppliers and development partners, seven specialized divisions offer a comprehensive range of innovative products and customized solutions. Schreiner ProTech delivers individual solutions for self-adhesive markings and functional components for engineering industries. Schreiner MediPharm focuses on self-adhesive products for medical technology and pharmaceuticals. Schreiner ProSecure offers a wide range of counterfeit-proof solutions for authenticity and value protection. Schreiner LogiData specializes in data carriers, transponders and complete systems based on RFID technology. Schreiner VarioLight develops and produces printed electronics, in particular high-grade electroluminescent lamps with electronic power supply and control components. Schreiner Systems offers complete solutions from consulting support and development of specifications, to delivery and installation of hard- and software, all the way to after-sales service. Schreiner Labels designs and produces labels for product marking and advertising. Schreiner Group’s experience in printing electronic devices stems from various products including antennas, capacitive sensors and electroluminescent lamps.

Factors Affecting Sporting Performance

Several factors affect our sporting performances, some of which are ‘natural' factors, and some of which we cause. An example of a natural factor is our gender. We do not choose to be male or female and therefore it is something that occurs naturally. An example of a factor caused by ourselves is our diet- what we eat and drink. We can decide what we want to eat be it healthy or not healthy, the decision is ours. Age is a natural factor affecting performance. When you are very young, your bones and muscles are still growing and because your bones are still growing they are a lot softer than a fully-grown adults are. This helps young children to be very flexible and very supple, which in turn affects their performance. But being fully-grown in some sports is better than young and supple. Because adults are fully-grown, they are a lot stronger than a child is. All the muscles are developed properly and so in a sport such as cycling it would be an advantage to be a fully-grown adult than a developing child, whereas in gymnastics it would be an advantage to be very supple because of the certain exercises involved. Our gender affects our performance a great deal. A mans frame is generally wider and taller than a woman's is. Women after they reach puberty develop wider hips which hinders their running ability, whereas a man develops larger muscles due to the increased level of testosterone in their bodies. Women generally have muscles smaller than a mans, so men have a head start already in any power sports such as weightlifting or sprinting which require a lot of physical strength. The size of your internal organs affects performance, in that if you have for example larger than average lungs, you can inhale an awful lot of air which contains oxygen, and so more oxygen can be sent to the muscles to keep them going for longer. Similarly if you have a healthy heart, it can pump the blood to your muscles quicker. And contained in the red blood cells is the oxygen that your muscles need to keep working. Having a healthy heart and large lungs can be a great advantage in an endurance sports event such as rowing or cross-country running. The use of drugs, banned substances, cigarettes and alcohol all effect the way in which we perform in sports. Drugs affect our performance in a positive way. They make us more alert, bulk up muscles and improve strength, increase speed and stamina, and get lots of oxygen to our muscles. Apart from cheating by taking drugs, they ruin our internal organs such as the liver and kidneys. In some cases drugs ruin your fertility because of the effect they have on the body. Cigarettes affect the way the heart and lungs work. The lung capacity of a smoker is considerably less than a non-smoker. Because the lung capacity is less than normal, this means that less oxygen enters the body and less oxygen goes into the red blood cells which are supposed to take oxygen to the muscles. Because of the lack of oxygen in the muscles, they can't work as well as usual. And if the muscles aren't working properly you can't play any sport well. Alcohol slows down reaction time and de-hydrates the body. If your reactions are slowed down in a fast game such as squash, it is likely that you will lose because you have to be alert at all times and if alcohol is present in the body, your performance will be affected. Your diet is very important if you want to stay fit and healthy. If a professional athlete changed their diet to one with sweet and fatty foods it would affect their performance, because too much sugar and fat in the body is unhealthy and it makes you gain extra weight to carry around when you are in action. If the diet you currently have has too many bad things in it, it can start to strain your heart. If you have a very well balanced diet, which is full of fresh fruit and vegetables it keeps your body healthy and full of energy. Also, if your diet lacks a certain amount of sugar, you can have low energy levels which makes your body work slower and not up to speed. It is good to take certain vitamin supplements to make sure that your body is totally up to scratch and eating plenty of foods with iron and different minerals. Illness is quite a major factor in your sporting performance. If you have just started to recover from flu or a bad virus, your body will be very weak from fighting off the virus because lots of your energy is taken up by getting better, so if you went down to a football pitch and tried to play 90 minutes of football the chances are that your performance will be very poor because your muscles will be tired, you won't be very alert and you will be fatigued and lethargic. An athlete who is clear from illness is far more likely to give a very good performance because they are fully fit, alert, and not tired. The environment makes a difference in most outdoor sports. Athletes who train at high altitude have an advantage, because there is a higher level of oxygen in the air and so more oxygen gets into the blood and to the muscles so they can keep going for longer in for example a marathon run or rowing. A high level of pollution in the air also means that there is difference in oxygen level, but instead of being higher like in high altitude, it is lower due to the impurities in the air. If there is less oxygen, less can be brought into the body, and so the muscles don't receive the necessary oxygen, so they can't work as well. The weather also makes a difference in performance outdoors. During a sprint race, if there is a wind blowing towards the athletes, it will be harder for them to run at a world record pace, because they have to work harder to run into an opposing force. Heat affects sprinters as well, if it is too cold, their muscles sometimes are not warm enough, so they could get injured or pull a muscle. If it is warm or even hot when they are running, their bodies and muscles will already be warm and ready to go, so when they are running, their muscles will be working at their best. Your lifestyle is a very important to keeping fit and healthy. A good active lifestyle will result in a healthy body. If you do plenty of exercise and eat healthily you can train for a sport easier, and your body has already set the foundations to keeping fit and keeping up with training. If you get little exercise and stay indoors most of the day, your body will be used to not doing anything too energetic, so if you suddenly go out and do an intense training session the chances are that your body will not be able to cope.

Political Sensibilities of Milk and Philadelphia( movies) Essay

Political Sensibilities of Milk and Philadelphia( movies) - Essay Example However, it is important to note that the film Philadelphia has more impact than Milk as far as raising political sensitivity on matter of homosexuality is concerned. Milk is about the last eight years of Harvey Milk’s life. Harvey Milk was not only a gay activist but also the first openly gay man to be elected into a major public office in America (Charity, 2008). On the other hand, Philadelphia is about the life of Andrew Beckett, a gay lawyer, who after contracting Aids is being hooded out of the law firm he practices law in (Perry, 2001). This film proceeds to illustrate the basic human rights and the needs of Andrew, his experience of alienation and vulnerability. It is however noteworthy that though Philadelphia affects the perspective of many Americans on matter of homosexuality it does not do it more vigorously as Milk. Milk and Philadelphia put gay subject matter into mainstream America, even though this subject was a taboo in 1990s when they were both released. In my opinion, the movie Milk changed the perspective of majority of Americans toward the homosexual population. In 1970s for instance, homosexual people enjoyed lesser liberty that the rest of the population which is not the case today courtesy of films like Milk and Philadelphia and gay right activists activities. To majority of American, homosexuality was wrong and immoral and therefore in their opinion unacceptable to them. Milk has a very big impact on our political view as far as homosexuality is concerned. It also compels us to pay close attention to the gay population and their rights. While it is utterly impossible to perfectly understand someone who does not come from your own background, and especially when it comes to matters of sexuality, people can almost experience it for a brief duration through the realistic visual of films. Films give people the insight they need to

Caravaggio, Vincent van Gogh, Picasso, Matisse, Georges de la Tour Essay

Caravaggio, Vincent van Gogh, Picasso, Matisse, Georges de la Tour - Essay Example The essay "Caravaggio, Vincent van Gogh, Picasso, Matisse, Georges de la Tour" examines the history of art and focuses on such important artists as Georges de la Tour, Caravaggio, Vincent van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse. The paintings of La Tour's maturity are marked by a startling geometric simplification of the human form and by the depiction of interior scenes lit only by the glare of candles or torches. His religious paintings done in this manner have a monumental simplicity and a stillness that expresses both contemplative quiet and wonder. The chronology and authenticity of some works attributed to him are still debated. Georges de la Tour used two kinds of lighting in his pictures. One was natural lighting, where people were illuminated from above with cool white light--like the painting reproduced with this article. The other kind of lighting he used was for nighttime pictures. They were called "nocturnes." The light for these pictures came from a single source, such as a fire or a candle. Georges de la Tour is considered to be a follower of Caravaggio due to his dependency on specific elements of the Caravaggesque style. Most notably the use of chiaroscuro and tenebristic techniques. In his interpretation of those certain stylistic qualties, however, Georges was unique in his design and composition, and presented an entirely new way of looking at common realistic works of art. Georges de la Tour is classed as a realist. Realist he is in that his subjects, predominantly if not exclusively religious. , are represented in terms of "real" life, often the life of his own country-town and surroundings in Lorraine. But he avoided naturalism; rather, he chose to simplify, modelling his forms by marked contrasts of light and shade, and using large volumes and severe lines, with great selective economy of detail" (Furness 70, 1996). 2 George de la Tour's attention to mood is a predominant quality that pervades his works. The paintings, especially the night scenes, have an almost meditative or pensive quality about them. Though the subject matter may, at times, be rather ambiguous, the spirituality communicated through the mood diminishes the importance of deciphering what scene we're looking at. Rather, the focus is on the way the painting makes us, as the viewer, feel through simple observation. A visual element that helps the viewer to focus on the scene before them is achieved through the absence of a background in the scenes. George De La Tour's sparsely populated pictures almost always represent scenes that take place nowhere, if they are judged by the almost complete absence of scenery. The boundaries of the settings are, nevertheless, delineated. There appear to be walls, but they have no texture and the colour is not descriptive. Georges de la Tour's works can be distinguished most especially through the unique use of lighting in his nocturnal scenes. The paintings are lit with a candle, a nightlight, or a torch, which are sometimes visible or are, at other times, hidden behind a figure's hand or another object. As for his less numerous and less popular daylight scenes, the figures are rendered with an acute eye to detail and a simplicity within the scene that is not found in the works of any other artist at the time. In examining various

US Constitution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

US Constitution - Assignment Example Marbury vs. Madison: only Supreme Court can interpret Constitution, participated in Revolution of 1800 and witnesses the peaceful transfer of powers. James Madison, 1751-1836, was the 4th president of the U.S. 1809-17, member of the Continental Congress; 1780-83. Republican Macon’s Bill No. 2: that allowed trade once more (1809-1817). James Monroe, 1758-1831, was the5th president of the U.S. (1817-25). Went to law school with Thomas Jefferson (1780-83) and was a member of the Virginia legislature (1782) as well as the Continental Congress (1783-86) (Madison, James, et al 1). Marshall’s Decisions: McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819) Bank of US can’t be taxed, Dartmouth College vs. Woodward (1819)-contract is highest law, Gibbon’s vs. Ogden (1824)-Congress controls Interstate Commerce. John Quincy Adams, 1767-1848, was the 6th President of the U.S. (1825-29). U.S. senator for Massachusetts (1803-8), he infuriated fellow Federalists by backing Jeffersonian laws, ta riff of Abominations: equal to 45% in some cases. John Marshall, secretary of state for President John Adams, Chief justice (1801-35). Marshall gave many historic and critical rulings in Supreme Court (McNeese 60). Andrew Jackson, 1767-1845, was the 7th president of the U.S. (1829-37); he was elected to the U.S. Congress (1796). Martin Van Buren, 1782-1862, was the 8th president of the U.S. (1837-41). A Democrat as well as an Andrew Jacksons ally (Madison, James, et al 2). Andrew Johnson, 1808-75, was the17th president of the U.S. (1865-69). Was a staunch supporter of President Lincoln. Rutherford Hayes Birchard, 1822-93, was the 19th president of the U.S. (1877-81); a Republican, a member of Congress (1865-67) plus governor of Ohio (1867, 1869 and 1875). Participated in civil war; became a major general of volunteers (1865). Abraham Lincoln, 1809-65, was the 16th president of the U.S.

PMF Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PMF - Essay Example New opportunities – Every business has to constantly look out for ways it can expand the base of its customer. Therefore, new opportunities are created by use of better communication skills especially in writing or else this can limit oneself the chance for success. Effects of changing the framework - this enables an organization to allow adjustments, and respond to changes made on objectives, of the organization. Participation in management change and process improvement projects and initiatives. As well as providing recommendations to develop and enhance existing systems and controls. Determining data systems and process solutions that addresses business needs, and enhancing developed methods for implementation. How these activities have prepared me for a PMF position with the Federal Government? From these activities, my day to day skills on management are enhanced through a significant understanding of the business strategy. My increased knowledge in business has enabled m e to be better equipped when dealing with complicated business management. There is a great enhancement on my ability to manage, motivate and lead other workers. Through the projects, working with the federal government can help gain valuable consultation designed particularly for its needs. These activities have offered me the exposure to various federal departments through a position at PMF. I have the opportunity to make connections with mentors of a senior level. The different projects I indulged in have prepared me psychologically to deal with more challenging tasks imminent in a PMF position. The leadership roles prevalent in the special projects have enhanced and prepared me to demonstrate my leadership ability and potential once I have become a PMF. I am at a better position as a budget analyst to work on several projects that I could not get access to while on the leeway. The business financial matters are important in a PMF position hence as a business analyst my capabilit ies will form a basis in solving financial matters eminent in the business industry. How I have demonstrated my commitment to public service? It is such an inspiration for me to work for the public service as I am willing to commit myself and serve my country as well as my fellow citizens. I have always desired to work in the public service especially for the government as I see it like a privilege to use my skills and help other people. This commitment developed into a career path when I was on internship at Clothing and Textiles Company whereby I created the annual budget plan of 2012 for the company, which was successfully approved by the board of trustees and the CEO was amazed by what I had structured as well. To start with, I ensured that I have followed a well structured idea of the duties a budget analyst should perform. I had to ensure that every department adhered in accordance with the company’s procedures and policies. I saw to it that the company’s managem ent was provided with a good analysis regarding budgetary issues and ensured the financial data was readily available for the company’s decision making. I made sure that the estimation of the budget was adequate and reasonable at the same time. I developed policies and guidelines which would help govern the maintenance of using these budgets. From time to time I conducted

Animal Ethics and Environmental Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Animal Ethics and Environmental Ethics - Essay Example There are two model approaches, through which the environmental ethics conception of wild animals is viewed. Both approaches place attention on the problems facing the endangered species, though they advocate for different rationales, in the area of giving animals preference, as opposed to the protection of the ecosystem at their detriment. First: is the anthropocentric view to wild animals, which seeks to guard endangered species from the destructive activities of humans. The second approach is the eco-centric model, which places attention upon the existence and the effects of wild animals, within the intrinsically valuable ecosystem (Des Jardins, 1993, p. 4-6). Discussion The key problem with adopting a perspective, which is informed, primarily, by intrinsic environmental ethics is that, such an approach, fails to fully consider the sentience of the wild animals benefitting from the ecosystem. The concept of consciousness or sentience is based on the fact that their interests shoul d be felt and perceived. Through failing to adequately recognize the sentience of these creatures, for instance, the kangaroos, the policy and laws in operation pay insufficient regard to the ethical needs of kangaroos as conscious beings. However, the notion that there is a conflict between animal rights and environmental ethics chiefly relies on a number of misconceptions about these animals and their effects on the ecosystem. For instance, in the case of the kangaroos, the misconceptions are evident, in the conception of their impacts in the areas of total grazing demands, populations, and sheep replacement. As evidence, Fisher Et al (2003, p. 1801-1808) argues that the effect of Kangaroos is immense on rangelands environs, where pressure on grazing land is evident. This is a misconception, mainly because the pressure on grazing land is not caused by kangaroos alone, but other animals like sheep as well (Des Jardins, 1993, p. 19-21). The moral status of animals is one major quest ion in this debate, mainly because; the question of the distinctiveness of humans, which earns them moral status is raised – and not that of the non-human entities in question. Answering this question is of great importance, among philosophers and the defenders of the rights of animals. In part, answering this question will aid humans to better understand the nature of human beings and the rightful scope of the moral obligations of humans. Some proponents of the debate argue that answering this question will help distinguish the value of humans as opposed to that of other parties of the natural world. However, this approach is considerably aimed at propagating the rightfulness of certain human activities towards the non-human creatures – especially, those that cause discomfort, suffering, pain and death to these entities. The other group – on the other hand – is of the opinion that answering the question will help humans justify granting moral considerati on to these nonhuman entities, namely animals and plant life. This is based on the philosophical consideration that despite the differences between humans and nonhuman animals; these differences do not justify denying these nonhuman entities moral consideration. However, the basis of moral considerati

Individual case analysis-globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual case analysis-globalisation - Essay Example But still, administrative mismanagement and oppression by different company results in political anomalies. The Flow of foreign money in the country’s economy results in making it the tenth largest economy in the world in terms of the nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. There is a definite regulatory framework for the foreign investors with a consolidated FDI policy. Still there is an absence of strict intellectual property rights that’s need to be addressed by the foreign investors as well as the Indian Government to promote further FDI development. Singh, L. 2010. LEGAL ISSUES ON FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN INDIA. [Online]. Available at: http://www.lawyersclubindia.com/articles/LEGAL-ISSUES-ON-FOREIGN-INVESTMENTS-IN-INDIA-2697.asp#.UxhQ3z-SyX9. [Accessed on March 06, 2014]. 12 India, a country once referred to as a place where restriction on business is everything has now undergone several changes. This is due to the number policy initiatives that were taken to boost the country’s economy. The liberalization and globalization of foreign direct investment in India commenced during the year 1991 and the easing of restrictions on foreign companies interested in doing business in this country have acted as a catalyst to promote the country’s attractiveness. India’s liberalization process in the early 1990s has acted as a strong motivational force for the Indian firms to expand their business in other markets as well as foreign firms to do their business in India. According to Mr. P. Chidambaram, the then finance minister of India, â€Å"FDI worked wonders in China and can do so in India† (Indian Express, November 11, 2005). Government’s consolidated FDI policy and their rule changes related to foreign investment issues has c hanged the country’s economic structure. Inflow of foreign money in the country resulted in growth of country’s

Overcoming Cultural Barriers to Change Essay Example for Free

Overcoming Cultural Barriers to Change Essay There is a popular saying â€Å"the only thing that is constant is change† by the Greek philosopher Heraclitus. What it simply means is that the only guarantee in life is that things do not always stay the same. Change is needed to grow and advance in life. In the corporate and healthcare industries, change is happening all the time. This article addresses how the Corporate Culture within an entity can aid or hurt the change process at hand. Corporate Culture is defined as a set of characteristics that define a particular company. It involves employee attitudes, values, customs, standards, policies and procedures, and rites and rituals. It defines how a company performs and how it gets things accomplished toward either a positive or negative outcome. The article describes the characteristics of a high performance corporate culture and a low performance corporate culture. In a high performance corporate culture the individuals are more willing to embrace the changes compared to a company were low performance corporate culture is the norm. When organizations are able to adopt change and readily execute systems to carry it out, they tend to be more prosperous. A company with a low performance corporate culture can place a burden on the attempts to change, making it more difficult for everybody involved from management all the way to customers. The article also gives advice on how to overcome cultural barriers to move the culture from low performing to high performing. Some of these principles include giving rewards, showing by example, encouraging involvement, repetition, stating over and over the change and how it will benefit the organization and the expectations from the team and be passionate. By considering the organization’s culture, and acknowledging any key barriers to change, one can help make the change initiative more successful. Perseverance, communication, and passion is needed to build and support new ways of working. Building a higher-performance culture is fundamental to the organizations ability to adapt and change, and to its lasting prosperity. References Last Name, F. M. (Year). Article Title. Journal Title, Pages From To. Last Name, F. M. (Year). Book Title. City Name: Publisher Name.

Peter Skrynecki Belonging Paper Essay Example for Free

Peter Skrynecki Belonging Paper Essay For Peter Skrznecki it is like being part of two cultures but at the same time not able to belong and connect to either one. In Migrant Hostel Peter reflects the unpleasant memories, he remembers at 4 years old, when he and his parents emigrated to Australia from Poland. He uses language techniques such as similes to create a sense of uncertainty and not belonging, because similes are not as certain as metaphors. He uses motifs of birds and pigeons, which is seen in my visual representation. For example, Nationalities sought each other out instinctively like homing pigeons this emphasises the instinctive need to find someone or something familiar in a foreign place, to feel a sense of comfort and belonging. At times he felt unity with his family but this is juxtaposed with the sense of wondering of which culture he belongs to, Poland or Australia? This is represented visually in my collage, with images showing not belonging to groups and being an outcast, there is only one image in the corner representing unity and belonging. This is contrasted by all the other images portraying not belonging and alienation. Which relates to how Peter feels about being a man of two different cultures. In the poem Feliks Skrynecki, Peter describes his father with emotive language on how he tries and fit in to a new culture My gentle father, kept paces only with the Joneses (idiom is used.) But his father still has a strong connection to his culture through his garden, which Peter describes as he loved his garden, like an only child the garden is symbolic and represents his home land and culture. This relates to the film Kite runner, when Amirs father takes soil from Afghanistan and puts it in a case before he crosses the border, the soil becomes symbolic for the fathers culture and treasures it till his death bed. In both texts land is used as a symbol of connection that both fathers show to their culture and homeland. Which relates to my visual representation with an image of a man holding soil from the land. Choices are a large part of belonging to a culture. Peter chooses to be disconnected and he doesnt try and learn about his own culture, which makes him not belong culturally. For example in the poem Feliks Skrzynecki Peter says I forgot my first Polish word but his father repeated it so he would never forget it but Peter choose not to remember it. He also doesnt try to fit in with a new culture, he chooses to be the black sheep which creates a barrier to belong. In kite runner an important quote was this is the real Afghanistan you have always been a tourist in your own country. This shows when Amir lived in Afghanistan as a child his father always protected him and made all of his decisions, which caused him not to know who he really was and never experience the real Afghanistan. But when Amir went to America he starting making his own choices and found out who he was and felt like he belonged there. Both Amir and Peter shows how significant decisions and choices are, because it is your own personal choice to belong to a culture.

Characteristics Of Perfect Competition Economics Essay

Characteristics Of Perfect Competition Economics Essay Monopoly is a market structure that is the only sole seller of a product and large number of buyers that have no close substitution and have a high entry and exit barrier. A monopoly markethas no other firms can enter the market and compete with it to produce some good or service. For an example that gave by Vengedasalam, D., et. al. (2008, p.229) If want to subscribe television channel services, the only one will go is Astro. But if want to use Astro services, it have various options to choose from, and this industry is not a monopoly market. 2.1 Characteristics of Monopoly: Single seller in the market: Monopoly is a price maker in the firm which has the power to control the price. In the proof of the auxiliary theorem Jackson, J. (1998, p.22.5), price maker is a seller of a commodity that is able to affect the price at which a commodity sells by changing the amount it sells. No Close Substitutes:It means customer or buyers could not find any substitute for the product. If the buyer can find out, then this product is no more in monopoly. In others way to describe, a monopoly cannot exist if there is a competition or any substitute product. Restriction of entry of new firms: In a monopoly market, there are strict barriers to the entry of new firms. Barriers to entry are natural of legal restrictions that restrict the entry of new firms into the industry. Average and Marginal Revenue Curves: Under monopoly, average revenue is greater than marginal revenue. Under monopoly, if the firm wants to increase the sale it can do so only when it reduces its price. 2.2 Types of Monopoly 2.2.1 Natural Monopolies One firm can produce at a lower cost compared to what two or more firms could produce. 2.2.2 Government- Created Monopolies Government creates monopolies to prevent firms from entering into a market. This can be done through difficulty in obtaining license to operate in the market or providing patent and copyrights to a monopoly firms. There are some legal barriers that are government franchise, government license, patent, copyright and control over raw material. 2.3 Monopolys Revenue A monopolists marginal revenue is always less than the price of its good. (According from N. Gregory Mankiw, principle of microeconomics fourth edition pg. 317), shows the example how the monopolys revenue might depend on the amount of water produced. C:UsersTOSHIBADesktop123.jpg Table 1: A monopolys Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue Table 1 shows a result that is important for understanding monopoly behavior: A monopolists marginal revenue is always less than the price of its good. For monopoly, marginal revenue is lower than price because a monopoly only faces a downward-sloping demand curve. C:UsersTOSHIBADesktop123a.jpg Figure 3: Demand and Marginal-Revenue Curves for a Monopoly The demand curve shows how the quantity affects the price of a good. The marginal-revenue curve shows how the firms revenue changes when the quantity increases by 1 unit. Marginal revenue is always less than the price because the price on all units sold must fall if the monopoly increases production 2.4 Profit Maximization In this graph shows the profit maximization for a monopoly. The point of A is the intersection of the marginal-revenue curve and the marginal-cost curve determines the profit-maximizing quantity. All this curves contain all the information we need to determine the level output that a profit-maximizing monopolist will choose. C:UsersTOSHIBADesktop123b.jpg Figure 4: Profit Maximization for a monopoly A monopoly maximizes profit by choosing the quantity at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost (point A). It then  uses the demand curve to find the price that will induce consumers to buy that quantity (point B). Thus, the monopolists profit-maximizing quantity of output is determined by the intersection of the marginal-revenue curve and the marginal-cost curve. 2.4.1 A Monopolys Profit C:UsersTOSHIBADesktopMicro Assignment diagram20130222_121054.jpg Figure 5: The monopolists Profit The area of the box BCDE equals the profit of the monopoly firm. The height of the box (BC) is price minus average total cost, which equals profit per unit old. The width of the box (DC) is the number of units sold. 3.0 Characteristics of Market Structures In a perfectly competitive market, the market structure is an interconnected feature or characteristics in which will affect the nature of competition and the price. For example, the volume and relative strength of buyers and sellers, the degree of collusion among them, level and forms of competition, the extent of product differentiation, and the ease of entry into and exit from the market. Market structures refer to the competitive environment within which a firm operates. Market structures divided into four basic types which is perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly. 3.1 Perfect Competition Perfect competitive is defined as a market in which there are many buyers and sellers, the products of selling are homogeneous, and sellers can easily enter and exit from the market. 3.2.1 Characteristics of Perfect Competition Large number of buyers and sellers: Reynolds, R. L., (2005, p.2) points out that the idealized perfect competitive insures that no buyers and sellers has any power or ability to influence the price. The perfect competitive market is price takers. Products of selling are homogeneous: The firm must sell homogeneous product. The products are where the buyers could not differentiate the products of one seller to another seller. Easy enter and exit: From the research of Salvatore, D. (2009, p.245) demonstrated that resources or inputs are free to move among the various industries and locations within the market response to monetary incentives. So, there are no artificial barriers to entry into and exit from the industry. Perfect knowledge: Both of the sellers and buyers have perfect knowledge of the market. Sellers and buyers cannot influence with each others.Both of them must know the market price of the goods as given. Non-price competition: Microeconomics, 2008 Author: Dviga Vengedasalam, Karunagaran Madhavan, Rohana Kamaruddin point out the role of non-price competition is insignificant since many sellers sell the products at a fixed price and furthermore, the products are identical. The firms have no control over the price and their gods are identical, so there is no selling cost. 3.3 Monopoly Monopoly is single seller in which sell the product is unique. Thus, there are large number of buyers and selling the products that have no close substitution and have high barriers between entry and exit. For an example that gave by Vengedasalam, D., et. al. (2008, p.229) If want to subscribe home telephone services, the only one will go is Telekom Malaysia. 3.3.1 Characteristics of Monopoly Single seller in the market: Monopoly is a price maker in the firm which has the power to control the price. In the proof of the auxiliary theorem Jackson, J. (1998, p.22.5), price maker is a seller of a commodity that is able to affect the price at which a commodity sells by changing the amount it sells. No Close Substitutes: It means customer or buyers could not find any substitute for the product. If the buyer can find out, then this product is no more in monopoly. In others way to describe, a monopoly cannot exist if there is a competition or any substitute product. Strong barriers to the entry into the industry exist: In a monopoly market there is strong barrier on the entry of new firms. Monopolist faces no competition. The monopolist has absolute control over the production and sale of the commodity certain economic barriers are imposed on the entry. 3.4 Monopolistic Competition Microeconomics, 2008 Author: Dviga Vengedasalam, Karunagaran Madhavan, Rohana Kamaruddin points out that the Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which there are large numbers of small sellers differentiated products but these are close substitute products and have easy entry into and exit from the market. 3.4.1 Characteristics of Monopolistic Competition Large numbers of seller and buyers: It is less as compared to perfect competition. Because, monopolistic competition will produces different or unique products, so that they will have some control over the prices. Hence, each firm will follows an independent of the price output policy. Product differentiation:Each firm produces a product that is at least slightly different from those of other firms. For example, if coffee is sold in coffee pack only, then it is perfect competition. But, if the same coffee is mixed with chocolate packaged in a box and label as Choco-Coffee, then this product is in monopolistic competition. Easy entry and exit:This is freedom to entry of new firms, but it is not as easy as perfect competition because it needs to make some differentiate product enter the monopolistic competition. 3.5 Oligopoly According to the preservearticles.com, Oligopoly is often referred to as competition among the few. In brief oligopoly is a kind of imperfect market where there are a few firm in the market, producing either and homogeneous product or producing product which are close but not perfect substitutes of each other. 3.5.1 Characteristics of Oligopoly Few numbers of firms: The firms are few but the size of firms is large. In few firms will control the overall industry under oligopoly. For example of the oligopoly which is Unisem and Carsem. Homogeneous and differentiated product: The firms in an oligopolistic industry may produce standardized or differentiated products. For example, DIGI or U-mobile produced by one firm is identical to another firm. Mutual interdependence: The author further stated that oligopoly always consider in choosing price, sales target, advertising budgets and other. Price rigidity:According to the preservearticles.com, there is the existence price rigidity. Prices lend to be rigid and sticky. If any firm makes a price-cut it is immediately retaliated by the rival firms by the same practice of price-cut. There occurs a price-war in the oligopolistic condition. 3.7The Differences between the various characteristics with the four types of market structure The various characteristics between the four types of market structure which are Perfect Competition, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly and Monopoly have been discussed. The most important of these characteristics are differentiate in which will affect the nature of competition and the price. Therefore, table 2 shows the differentiation of the characteristics of the following market structure. Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Barriers to entry Low Low High Very High Number of Producers Many Many Few One Types of product Standardized Differentiated Standardized or Differentiated Unique Example Fruit Vegetables 100 Plus Carsem Astro Table 2: Characteristics of market structure 4.0 Conclusion and Recommendation As my conclusion, I think that monopoly is the best in microeconomic. This is because monopoly is a form that is the sole seller of a product without close substitutes. It remains other firms cannot enter the market and complete with it.

The Atkins Diet Essays -- Weight Loss Health Nutrition Papers

The Atkins Diet:Too Good to be True? The American population is fat. What’s worse, we are getting fatter. For many years, a body mass index (BMI) of 27 or more (weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was the standard criteria for being overweight, and a BMI of 30 or more was the criteria for obesity. This meant that more than one third of U.S. adults were overweight. In recent years the criteria has been reduced to a BMI of 25 or more to be considered overweight, with the obesity criteria remaining the same. Now, more than 50% of U.S. adults are classified as being overweight. Interestingly, as the number of overweight individuals skyrockets, so too does the number of various diets that Americans are willing to try in their search for the thin standard that our culture idolizes. One of the most popular, and many claim successful, of the conglomerate of diets is the Atkins protein diet, named after its founder and guru Dr. Robert C. Atkins. With more than six million copies in print, Dr. Atkinsâ €™ New Diet Revolution proclaims to be "the amazing no-hunger weight-loss plan that has helped millions lose weight and keep it off" (Atkins). Sounds great, but what is this diet, and is it too good to be true? How does the diet work? The purpose of the Atkins diet is to change one’s metabolism and lose weight easily by eating foods high in protein and limiting foods high in carbohydrates, which tend to raise blood sugar levels the most. The diet works on the principle of ketosis – the process by which excess, stored body fat (the body’s secondary energy source) is burned, resulting in weight loss. A background understanding of the body’s natural energy system helps to understand Atkins’ rationale. Diets high i... ... National Cholesterol Education Program, and the American Cancer Society who endorse a diet that is composed of 10% to 15% protein, 55% to 60% carbohydrates, and 25% to 30% fat. The entire process of ketosis is suspect, and may cause fatigue, nausea, and lead to dehydration and loss of potassium, which consequently may affect cardiac function. Other less serious symptoms of a ketone-producing diet are general tiredness, abrupt or gradually increasing weakness, dull headache, abdominal pain, increased breathing, nausea and vomiting, and bad breath. A lifestyle consisting of daily exercise and balanced nutrition is one diet that will never go out of style. The weight may not miraculously melt off, as diets such as Atkins claim to happen, but it is more likely that in 5 years you will maintain your weight loss, whatever it is, and you will be healthier in the process.

The Impact of the Fast Food Industry on America Essay -- health, diet,

â€Å"In twentieth-century Old Earth, a fast food chain took dead cow meat, fried it in grease, added carcinogens, wrapped it in petroleum-based foam, and sold nine hundred billion units. Human beings. Go figure.† ― Dan Simmons, Hyperion Fast food is the source of obesity in America and causes health and environmental problems throughout the world. Global influences of the fast food industry are shown in the health problems in society today. The cheap production of meat and grains for the fast food industry cause harm to the environment, humans, and animals. The fast food that is consumed is not only bad for the health of people but also for the environment. The fast food industry’s extensive advertising through television, radio, newspapers, billboards, and sponsoring reach all people in a strategy to convince consumers that their food is healthy and available to everyone. Fast food menu’s are based on meat which comes from slaughtered animals that are bred solely for the fast food industry. These animals provide unhealthy, calorie filled, and chemically conditioned contents. Meat is the majority of all food poisoning incidents due to the cheap production methods to get the food to the food to the pub lic at low prices and large portions. The fast food industry causes people to consume large portions of unhealthy food that effects all aspects of life including health and environmental issues that arise from the availability of fast food. Eating unhealthy is something that is known to contribute to weight gain. Knowing what to eat and what not to eat is something most people do not take into consideration when stopping by a fast food restaurant for a convenient meal packed full of calories. Children, teens, and adults are all p... ...ollution from animal breeding and feces. The fast food industry advertises in hope to reach all people and gaining their loyalty. People use food as means to stay full, spend little money, and make themselves happy. Children and adults are all targeted with low prices, catchy songs, and kids meals. Fast food menu’s are based on meat from animals that are bred solely for fast food industries. Fast food is unhealthy, overly portioned, and not worth a life of health problems. Most consumers purchase meat that is the majority of all food poisoning incidents. Eating fast food is cheap methods to get at low prices and large portions. The fast food industry causes people to over eat unhealthy food that effects life of each other as well as animals and the environment. Health and environmental issues arise from the availability, advertisement, and production of fast food.

A man without a country

‘A man Without a Country’ is an anthology of essays published by Kurt Vonnegut in 2005. The anthology, whose caption is, â€Å"A memoir Of Life in George W. Bush’s America.†Is a book consisting of tremendously short essays which deal with subjects varying from tribulations with contemporary technology, to significance of humor, to Vonnegut’s views on the disparities between women and men. (Vonnegut & Simon 36)However, most common in a ‘Man without a Country’ are essays which clarify Vonnegut’s views on politics as well as the subjects in contemporary American society, frequently from a particularly humanistic viewpoint. ‘A Man without a Country’ is Kurt Vonnegut’s final work. In January 2007, Vonnegut pointed out that he anticipated this book to be his last work and the declaration confirmed to be correct when he passed away in April, 2007.This would stand correct awaiting a short- story anthology of Vonnegutâ €™s unpublished work entitled ‘Armageddon in Retrospect’ which would be in print posthumously in 2008. (Vonnegut & Simon 78)  Ã¢â‚¬ËœA man without a country’ is therefore an anthology of principally formerly published work. The huge majority which cames out in the pages of the substitute newsmagazine ‘In These Times’ between 2003 and 2005. Vonnegut gleans his work from speeches as well as short essays which were written over the last a half a decade and abundantly illustrated with works of art by the author all the way through. (Vonnegut & Simon 78&79)

Acute Ankle Inversion Sprain Health And Social Care Essay

Ankle is a complex articulation which is categorized as a flexible joint articulation. It is one of the of import constituent for ambulation in worlds. Ankle sprains are one of the commonest hurts in sports. It accounts for 20 % of all athleticss hurts ( Bergfeld J ; 2004 ) .In India, incidence rate of mortise joint sprain histories for 0.31 % of the population and the opportunities of re-injury is seen every bit high as 78-80 % despite the continued research in this field ( Statistics for ankle sprain ; 2003 ) . The pathomechanics for ankle inversion hurt is inversion and plantar flexure of the ankle articulation. There is loss of dorsiflexion and inversion scope of gesture which is attributed to trouble and swelling ( Denegar CR et Al ; 2002 ) , ( Collins et Al ; 2004 ) .According to Denegar C et Al ( 2002 ) the loss of dorsiflexion scope of gesture is due to limitation of posterior talar semivowel. This suggests that in an acute mortise joint inversion sprain the loss of dorsiflexion scope of gesture could be due to mechanical disfunction in talocrural articulation. The conventional intervention for acute mortise joint sprain is RICE ( remainder, ice, compaction, lift ) .The chief purpose of conventional intervention ( RICE ) is chiefly to cut down hurting and redness ( Starkey JA ; 1976 ) , ( Slatyer MA et Al ; 1997 ) . The conventional intervention ( RICE ) with early motion is found to be more effectual for cut downing hurting, swelling and bettering mobility ( Dettori et al ; 1994 ) . Because of the ineffectualness of conventional intervention for handling the positional disfunction caused due to acute ankle inversion hurt the joint becomes more susceptible to injury ( Hertel J et Al, 1999 ) . Manual Therapy focuses on decrease of hurting and rectification of the postural and motion disfunction due to ankle sprain. Harmonizing to Maitland classs of mobilisation class I and II mobilisation is used in acute status and class II mobilisation is seem effectual in cut downing hurting and bettering dorsiflexion scope of motion in acute musculoskeletal conditions. Maitland classs of mobilisation improves the ankle dorsiflexion in acute ankle inversion sprain ( Green et Al ; 2001 ) and reduces pain by transition of nervous tissue ( Vincenzino B et Al ; 1998 ) . Harmonizing to Maitland GD ( 1986 ) , inactive articulation mobilisation improves the scope of motion by soft oscillating motion of the articular surfaces that creates motion of the nomadic sections by a means other than the musculuss.According to Collins et Al ( 2004 ) , Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique is effectual in cut downing hurting and improves dorsiflexion of ankle articulation. A individual inst ance survey done by O Brien, B.Vincenzino ( 1998 ) showed that Mulligan Mobilization with motion technique on acute mortise joint sprain improved the scope of motion ( dorsiflexion and inversion ) , functional result and reduced the hurting. Harmonizing to pilot survey conducted by John-Mark Chesney, Erin Morris, Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique and tape had important consequence on temporal and spacial parametric quantities of pace. Immediate lessening in hurting and an early return to map are claimed to be consequence of Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion Mulligan 1995 ; Vincenzino Wright 1995 ; Hetherington 1996 ) . However, the deficiency of equal grounds in literature for the effectivity of Mulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel with motion technique in acute ankle inversion sprain failed to turn out its clinical and statistical significance in research methods. The above literature besides shows deficiency of surveies done to compar e the effects of Maitland and Mulligan mobilisation technique in intervention of acute ankle inversion sprain. Hence, the purpose of the survey is to happen the immediate consequence of Mulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar mobilisation with motion technique in acute ankle inversion sprain with RICE and compare the consequences with that of Maitland anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel mobilisation with RICE for intervention of acute ankle inversion sprain.REVIEW OF LITERATUREAnkle articulation is a complex articulation due to its articular, ligamentous and sinewy anatomy. The anterior talofibular ligament restricts anterior interlingual rendition and internal rotary motion of talus inside the mortice. The conjugate gesture during plantar flexure happens as internal rotary motion and anterior interlingual rendition of scree aided by deltoid ligament. The calcaneofibular ligament restricts inversion of the talocrural and subtalar articulation. The posterior talofibular ligament restricts inversion and internal rotary motion after calcaneofibular ligament and anterior talofibular ligam ent undergo hurt. Harmonizing to Konradsen and Voight ( 2002 ) an inversion torsion was produced on lading a cadaverous leg, when the unloaded pes was positioned in 30 degree inversion, full plantar flexure and 10 degree internal tibial rotary motion. The hit with 20 grade upside-down pes in swing stage follow through forced the pes into full bound of inversion, plantar flexure and internal tibial rotary motion. Harmonizing to Denegar CR et Al ( 2002 ) in normal biomechanics the instantaneous axis of rotary motion of talocrural articulation translates posteriorly during dorsiflexion, but in anterior malaligned scree or with restricted posterior talar semivowel the axis of rotary motion is shifted anteriorly taking to joint disfunction. Harmonizing to Baumhauer JF et Al ( 1995 ) old history of sprain, limited scope of gesture and decreased dorsiflexor and plantar flexor strength ratio, elevated eversion to inversion ratio have been attributed to predisposing to inversion hurt. Harmonizing to Eren OT et Al ( 2003 ) high malleolar index ( posteriorly positioned calf bone ) is attributed to predisposing factor to twist. Average malleolar index was +11.5 grade in topics with ankle sprain and +5.85 degree in normal controls. Green T in 2001 used a Modified Lidcombe Template to mensurate the hurting free dorsiflexion scope of gesture happening in talocrural articulation. The templet consisted of 2 boards joined by an adjustable flexible joint. One board served as a footplate and other was placed under the topic ‘s calf. The adjustable flexible joint served as the axis of rotary motion of templet in perpendicular plane and the board placed under the topic ‘s calf allowed for accommodation in horizontal plane. The measuring was standardized by mensurating both force applied and the angle of dorsiflexion at which the topic foremost experienced the hurting ( Matyas T, Bach T ; 1985 ) . The force applied was standardized throughout the trail by spring balance and the way of force was standardized by spirit degree attached to the spring. The device showed high intrarater and interrater dependability of which 29 % were in exact understanding and 84.5 % were within 2 grades, ICC=0.94. The conventional direction of mortise joint sprain is RICE in acute phase of hurt. The functional intervention processs with early induction of weight bearing as tolerated, early mobilisation, proprioceptive preparation, balance preparation has been advocated to supply early functional rehabilitation to topics. Harmonizing to Bahr R ( 2004 ) and Bruce Beynnon B, ( 2004 ) the direction of sprain dressed ores on inactive and dynamic stableness, deriving normal ankle scope of gesture, optimum strength of peroneal, dorsiflexors, plantar flexors, and invertor musculuss of mortise joint and retraining ankle scheme. Harmonizing to Kerkhoffs et Al ( 2002 ) functional intervention is superior to immobilisation and surgical intercession in countries of hurting on activity, quality of public presentation on return to sport/work, objectives instability on x-ray positions and patient satisfaction. Manual therapy in ankle inversion sprain Maitland ‘s Mobilization Green et Al ( 2001 ) conducted a randomized controlled test of inactive accoutrement joint mobilisation on acute ankle inversion sprain. The survey included 38 topics with acute ankle inversion sprain ( & lt ; 72hours ) and were indiscriminately assigned to command group ( RICE ) and experimental group ( anterior-to-posterior mobilisation and RICE ) .Treatment was given every 2days for maximal 2weeks.The intervention technique used in this survey was Maitland ‘s class 3 front tooth to posterior talar semivowel of scree. Consequences showed that dorsiflexion improved earlier in experimental group as compared to the control group. Elizabeth L et Al ( 2008 ) conducted a survey in which 10 topics were taken with immobilized mortise joint for at least 14 yearss and presented with at least 5 grade of dorsiflexion shortage compared to contralateral mortise joint. A crossing over design was employed and topics received Maitland ‘s class 3 mobilisation in one group and control intercession ( no intervention ) in other group. Consequences showed that joint mobilisation led to a decrease in hurting and betterments in unpainful dorsiflexion. Mulligan mobilisation with motion technique Collins et Al ( 2004 ) conducted a double-blinded randomized controlled test with a crossing over design attack. In this survey 14 topics with grade 2 mortise joint sprain were taken. The dorsiflexion in weight-bearing and thermic hurting threshold were calculated. All the topics undergo 3 intervention conditions-Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique for dorsiflexion, placebo group and control group ( no intervention ) .Results showed that the talar anterior-to-posterior semivowel improved the recovery rate in intervention with Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique. The survey conducted by Collins N was done on topics with sub ague mortise joint sprain. T O'Brien, B.Vincenzino ( 1998 ) conducted a individual instance survey to look into the effects of Mulligan ‘s with motion technique mobilisation for acute sidelong mortise joint sprain. The technique used in this survey was posterior semivowel to distal fibular while patient actively inverted the mortise joint. In the survey 2 topics with acute mortise joint sprain were used to command for natural declaration of mortise joint sprain. Capable I underwent ABAC protocol while capable II BABAC protocol where A was no intervention stage B was intervention stage and C was post intervention return to feature stage. The result steps Modified Kaikkonen test functional result, VAS for hurting and scope of dorsiflexion and inversion were measured pre and station of each intercession session. Consequences showed rapid betterment of scope of gesture ( inversion and dorsiflexion ) and immediate lessening in hurting. Therefore from the above surveies we can deduce that anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel technique in both Maitland and Mulligan mobilisation is effectual in handling ankle inversion sprain than the RICE protocol entirely. The above surveies besides infer that Maitland ‘s classs of mobilisation is significantly effectual in bettering dorsiflexion scope in acute mortise joint sprain. However, Mulligan ‘s mobilisation had shown effectual consequences in handling mortise joint sprain in subacute status. The survey done by T O'Brien, B.Vincenzino ( 1998 ) shows the effectivity of Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique in bettering dorsiflexion scope of gesture in acute mortise joint sprain but the survey design leads to restriction of generalisation of its findings. However, it does supply the cognition to carry on a random clinical trail in public-service corporation of Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique in the intervention of acute ankle in version sprain and to compare the consequences with Maitland ‘s classs of mobilisation to happen the best effectual intervention method for bettering the recovery rate in ague mortise joint inversion sprain.IDENTIFICATION OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL QUESTIONDoes Mulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel is effectual in bettering dorsiflexion in topics with acute ankle inversion sprain than Maitland ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel mobilisation.ALTERNATE HYPOTHESISMulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel is effectual than Maitland ‘s classs of mobilisation in bettering dorsiflexion scope of gesture in topics with acute ankle inversion sprain.NULL HYPOTHESISMulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel is non effectual than Maitland ‘s classs of mobilisation in bettering dorsiflexion scope of gesture in topics with acute ankle inversion sprain.MethodologyDesign An Experimental, Comparative, Randomized Controlled Trail design. The survey will be individual blinded to avoid any possible prejudice. The topics will be allocated to 3 group of interventions-Mulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel with motion technique with RICE, Maitland ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel mobilisation with RICE, and 3rd group RICE entirely.Outcome step will mensurate the grade of dorsiflexion pre and station to each session which will be measured by the assessor blinded to the allotment of topics to the groups. Subjects The survey will be conducted by enrolling 90 samples through convenience sampling by giving advertizements and notices to orthopaedic and physiotherapy section in MS Ramaiah Memorial infirmary and the infirmaries nearby its environing countries. The topics recruited will be diagnosed for acute ankle inversion sprain and referred by radiotherapist through X-Ray imagination. To keep the homogeneousness of the groups all the topics will be recruited based on Inclusion and exclusion standards. Inclusion criteria-All topics of age group 20-30years of age, History of ankle inversion hurt with hurting over sidelong facet of mortise joint ( & lt ; 72hours ) of hurt, shortage of at least 5 grades of dorsiflexion, topics are able to partial weight bear on affected mortise joint, hurting, swelling and tenderness over sidelong facet of mortise joint. Exclusion criteria-Subjects holding ankle break, any history of old surgery or sprain on affected leg, any consumption of anti-inflammatory or anti -coagulants post hurt, subjects with vascular diseases.ETHICAL APPROVALThe ethical blessing will be taken from Ethical Board of MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital along with the permission of other infirmaries near by its milieus. Subjects will be given a transcript of informed consent with the inside informations of the survey and the confidentiality of patient ‘s forces information and information obtained after the survey will be maintained. Subjects can retreat from survey at any given point of clip.VENUE/LOCATION OF THE STUDYThe survey will be conducted in MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital Physiotherapy Department, Bangalore.A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRAIL STUDYAn experimental randomized controlled trail -single blinded survey will be conducted on 90 topics with acute ankle inversion sprain. The technique of the intercessions will be finalized during the survey and side-effects or any mistake in the intercession will be noted and rectified.RESEARCH METHOD AND EXPERIMENTAL INTERVENTION 90 samples will be recruited by convenience sampling. The samples will be assessed for acute ankle inversion sprain by X-Ray imaging done by the radiotherapist in radiology section of MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital. The topics will be indiscriminately assigned to 3 groups by chit method. Each group will be assigned 30 topics. The research worker who will carry on the survey is a qualified physical therapist who specializes in manual therapy. After the allotment of the group the experimental group I will have Mulligan ‘s front tooth to posterior talar semivowel along with active dorsiflexion of mortise joint which will be followed by RICE application. The mobilisation will be performed in weight bearing in which the healer applies a postero-anterior force to distal leg through a intervention belt while stabilising the pes and scree ( Mulligan ; 1999 ) .The experimental group II will have Maitland ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel ( Grade II ) followed by RICE application. The mobilisation will be performed with capable lying supine and the mortise joint will be positioned over the border of pedestal with proximal manus of healer stabilising the distal shinbone and calf bone while the distal manus will mobilise the scree with posteriorly directed osc illation ( Maitland ; 1977 ) .Group III will have RICE intervention for upper limit of 2 hebdomads. Subjects in experimental group I and II will be treated every 2nd twenty-four hours for upper limit of 2 hebdomads. Therefore 6 Sessionss of intervention over 14 yearss will be done. Three sets of 10 repeats will be applied with 1 minute between sets ( Exelby, 1996 ) in both mobilisation technique. Pain experienced during intervention will ensue in immediate surcease of technique and exclusion of the topic from survey.Result MEASURESDorsiflexion scope of gesture will be measured by Modified Lidcombe templet. The templet enabled standardised measuring of dorsiflexion scope of motion. The axis of rotary motion of mortise joint was aligned with adjustable axis of rotary motion of templet. The spring balance attached to the footplate step the force applied in the standardised way. A hydrogoniometer placed on the footplate measures the scope of dorsiflexion in grades. The templet have a hi gh intrarater and interrater dependability of which 29 % were in exact understanding and 84.5 % were within 2 grades, ICC=0.94. Hydrogoniometer have high intraclass coefficients ( 0.84-0.99 ) which revealed high understanding between the raters ( Lex D.De Jong et Al ; 2007 )RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSISThe dorsiflexion scope of motion measured will be in grades which represent a parametric information. The information collected pre and station of each 6 session in group I and group II will be analyzed by related t trial ( i.e. within the group ) and unrelated T trial will be done to compare between the group I and group II for dependent variable. One manner ANOVA will be used for analysis of informations from all the 3 groups along with Scheffe trial to happen the most effectual group for intervention of acute ankle inversion sprain. The degree of significance will be set at 0.5 ; the chance will be calculated based on the T value with grade of freedom tabular array. The assurance inter val will be kept to 95 % .ANNEXUREPROJECT TIMELINEThe overall estimated clip required for the completion of the survey is 8months i.e. 1 month for ethical clearance, 4 months for the randomized controlled trail, informations aggregation and information analysis, 1 month for composing up and showing consequences and 2 months for printing consequences. Undertakings 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ethical clearance+Randomized controlled trail & A ; amend informations aggregation tools+Data aggregation+++Datas analysis++Writing up & A ; showing consequences+Printing consequences++BudgetThe overall appraisal of the budget is Rs30, 000 which includes X-RAY imaging – Rs20, 000 ( 90 topics ) Modified Lidcombe Template and hydrogoniometer – Rs5000 Stationary – Rs1000 Transportation system and refreshments – Rs4000INFORMED CONSENTIntroduction This is an informed consent given to a topic who wishes to take part in research survey. Please red the informed consent carefully or you can inquire anyone of your relation who you trust can read this informed consent for you in your linguistic communication by interpreting it. Please experience free to inquire any inquiries you have about this informed consent or research survey in your head. Please sign the consent signifier merely after you have no uncertainties about the research survey or consent signifier. Make non subscribe the consent signifier under any sort of force per unit area. Title of Research Project Immediate effects of Mulligan ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel with motion technique versus Maitland ‘s anterior-to-posterior talar semivowel for hurting free dorsiflexion in acute ankle inversion sprain. Research worker SUMIT KIMOTHI M. Sc in Clinical Physiotherapy. Purpose Of Study Acute mortise joint sprain has high per centum re-injury. Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique helps in bettering dorsiflexion scope of gesture by rectification of positional disfunction of articulation. This survey is to happen the consequence of Mulligan ‘s mobilisation with motion technique and compare it with effects of Maitland ‘s classs of mobilisation in intervention of acute ankle inversion sprain. Description of Study After being diagnosed with acute ankle inversion sprain you will be sent to the physical therapy section in physical therapy section. The research worker will explicate you about the intervention technique and the survey and an informed consent will be given to you based on your determination your engagement will be decided. If you wish to take part a intervention technique selected for the several group in which you will allocated will be performed on you and the appraisal will be taken earlier and after the intervention session. The continuance of intervention is 2 hebdomads and if there is any alterations, you will be informed prior. Possible Hazards or Complication The intervention technique itself has no side-effects or complication and it will be performed by a qualified physical therapist in Manual Therapy. Treatment Alternative If the therapy is non effectual to you, you will be provided with an alternate intervention with free of cost. Fiscal Deductions All the disbursals sing the research work including the probe, transit, nutrient disbursals and intervention will be free of cost. Potential Benefits The survey may be good to society and persons of similar status. You can profit by bettering you status with aid of this intervention. Engagement Engagement in this research survey is voluntary. If the participant wants to retreat he/she can retreat at any given point of clip.CONSENT FORMI have read the predating information, or it has been read to me. I have had the chance to inquire inquiries about it and any inquiries that I have asked have been answered to my satisfaction. I consent voluntarily to take part as a participant in this research and understand that I have the right to retreat from the research at any clip without in any manner impacting my medical attention. Name of the participant _____________________ Signature of participant _____________________ Date: _____________________ Day/month/year ___________________If nonreaderA literate informant must subscribe ( if possible, this individual should be selected by the participant and should hold no connexion to the research squad ) . I have witnessed the accurate reading of the consent signifier to the possible participant, and the person has had the chance to inquire inquiries. I confirm that the person has given consent freely. Name of informant ___________________ AND Thumb print of participant Signature of informant ___________________ Date: ______________ Day/month/year ______________ I have accurately read or witnessed the accurate reading of the consent signifier to the possible participant, and the person has had the chance to inquire inquiries. I confirm that the person has given consent freely. Print Name of Researcher _________________ Signature of Researcher ___________________ Date __________ Day/month/year ____________ A transcript of this Informed Consent Form has been provided to participant ____________ ( initialed by the researcher/assistant ) For more information contact: Sumit Kimothi M. Sc in clinical physical therapy, MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, Bangalore. 9916261101ASSESSMENT CHARTName: Age: Sexual activity: Site of Disorder: Mode of Treatment: Measurement: Parameters Before Treatment After Treatment Dorsiflexion scope of gesture Signature of Clinician: Signature of Chief Physiotherapist:

How to Spend Your Free Time Essay

You know those periods of time you’re all done with classes and have no reading to do? Well there are many things that can be done to pass the time. To keep your body healthy we can do some exercise and sports activities like badminton, soccer, hockey or swimming. Those who love challenging activities can join paintball, rock climbing, flying fox and mountain climbing. We can do many activities. Get a gym membership or try a new bike trail. Met up with other joggers and run through various part. Good health can make all other aspects in your life better including your work. So we should have a healthy lifestyle. We can take a vacation or picnic with family or friends during holiday. We can go to recreational park, beach or island. It feels more relax to see the beautiful scenary of nature if you go to an island or beach. Why don’t you try scuba diving. It is realy interesting to travel the marine life and see the nature under the sea. If you are an avid reader, then you could spend your free time catching up those book that you haven’t finished yet. Fun does not always mean fuss. You can find relaxation and entertainment with books that capture your interest. It doesn’t mean that you have to buy it. You can go to library and have unlimited books there. Those who have a digital camera can take photograph of scenary, people, birds and many more. Just head out your camera to anywhere and enjoy the art of nature. During our free time we can surf the internet. The internet is full of fun and interesting things. Visit your favourite website and learn new things. Catch up your favourite blogs and social sites like facebook or twitter. I know all of you have a facebook account right. As for me, I love listening to music and watching Korean drama. I bet many of you love k-pop right? I’m sorry if I’m wrong. Make sure to limit that activity to one particular day or time. This way, you will have more time to do your other tasks when you have set time to take care of your need for entertainment . It’s okay for you to do what ever you want as long as you can control it. Don’t be to fond with something and forget your study. We should use our time wisely and have a good and happy lifestyle.

Owens & Minor’s Case Essay

What is the value-added by Owens and Minor? Is this value-addition visible? They own and manage the inventory for the manufacture.  They take on the financial risk associated with the function of managing the inventory flow to the hospitals. They care for product returns and carry the risk for that.  They carry the receivables (cash flow issues due to long payment terms of customers; actually a 90 days credit) They carry and manage most of the inventory for the hospitals, which are sometimes even running stockless. They track and verify customer prices for contracted product purchases and monitor agreements between end-users and manufacturers The distribution has changed in a way that hospitals required the distributors to carry more of the inventory and making more deliveries in lower units of measure, while keeping the same originally negotiated prices. This has put a stronger burden on the distributors. Owens & Minor creates a clear value-add for both manufacturers and suppliers. Manufactures usually only want to produce and sell the product before getting it out of the door Hence Owens and Minor takes the full responsibility for all stressful parts of selling a product. On the other hand customers don’t want to buy and own products before they are ready to use it. Thus Owens and Minor also enables them to achieving more efficient structures, while reducing additional costs related to managing efficiently. 2. Evaluate the impact cost-plus pricing has on distributors, customers, and suppliers. Suppliers: Suppliers have no motivation to try to reduce costs and increase efficiencies since profits remain the same. Market demand is not taken into consideration. If a supplier has a markup, which takes the reseller’s price point beyond current market prices, the reseller’s demand will decrease dramatically. Distributors: Services related to inventory management are not included properly, since the percentage they gain is the same for all products. Whether they are cheap and efficiently to handle or rather problematic. Hence costs will skyrocket if customers will ask for additional services (while keeping the same price). They have the drawback of customers engaging in cherry-picking  and only enabling the distributors to manage low-margin, inexpensive products. Customers: Cost-plus pricing lead to a complicated pricing structures, since distributors and customers negotiated separate product prices from manufacturers, introduced incentives, let prices vary from customer to customer, covered some products by contract and some don’t etc. Hence purchasing managers were nearly unable to properly track actual product costs and compare quotes from competing manufacturers and distributors. 3. What effect will ABP have on customer behavior? Provide an example to illustrate. ABP connects O&M‘s fee to the level of the service they provide: Customer is motivated to keep its activities down to a minimum level and only order services that he really needs ­ ABP helps customers to optimize their service-level and hence their costs. Customers who want to extend their service-level can get this because there is a way for O&M to price a higher service-level  ­ They came up with a relatively simple matrix based on two major cost drivers—number of purchase orders per month and number of lines per purchase order. The number of orders was tied to our fixed administrative fees and the number of lines was tied to our variable costs—the number of times a worker had to go to a product rack, etc. It was a very primitive way to identify our fixed and variable costs, but it was effective in showing the customer that they could lower costs. They wanted to show the customer that instead of being locked-in to a traditional cost-plus contract, they could actually affect their service delivery fee depending on the type and amount of service requested, and the frequency and size of each request. In order for the customer to look at ABP as an honest way to do business, we had to share our numbers with them; otherwise they would have viewed it as just another pricing scheme. 4. What are the obstacles to successful implementation of ABP at Ideal? How would you address these obstacles?  ­ Internal systems at hospitals (e.g. budgeting, compensation) were tied to  cost-plus percentages.  ­Product prices with cost-plus percentages were used to determine transfer pricing between hospital departments  ­Technological barriers: Customer has to change to an EDI system (electronical data input) Hospital would have to change its systems and procedures for material handling ­ For a hospital to benefit it would have to be willing to change and shed personnel, equipment and warehousing space.  ­Culture of hospitals (e.g. surgeons have different preferences for many operating room supplies) O&M should address these obstacles with the following:  ­Offering to convert the activity fee to a cost-plus equivalent  ­O&M‘s logistical services should work closely with customers moving to ABP to help them realign processes and institute cost savings.

Best Things to Do in Bangkok

Best things to do in Bangkok Let’s be honest here, any of you love travelling overseas but worry about the high money expenditure? And to add salt into the wound, we’re not working, many of us are still relying on our parents’ pocket for money. However, don’t be disappointed because our country’s neighbor up north is a cheap alternative for a fun, memorable travel destination. Thailand is a land where people speak in high notes and tom yam is a word synonymous with the term, everyday food. Before, Bangkok started out as a small trading centre and a port some 200 years ago. Today, with the influx of modern technology mixed with the beauty of its illustrious past, there are a mass variety of things to do In Bangkok. Be it eating in neon lighted side restaurant, visiting dazzling temple, artfully sculpted palaces to floating market, and shopping in fancy shopping malls, each has an intriguing story to tell. If you love the distinctive flavor of coconut, chilli, lemon grass, lime and spices, eat all you can while in Bangkok. From mango rice, tom yam noodles to Thai Hakka noodles and sharks fin soup, it caters to any taste buds. Mango rice is basically glutinous rice mixed with condensed milk and sweet mango. While it may seem simple to prepare, the Thais take it to another level. Next, Thai tom yam has always been very tasty with a good balance of sourness and saltiness with a pinch of sweet taste but if you can’t take spicy things, this will not appeal to you as it is also mightily spicy. Just eating a bowl of tom yam noodles sent tears spewing from my eyes but it kept me wanting more. Bangkok is also famous for fried creepy crawlies. Cockroaches, grasshoppers, crickets and worms are fried in boiling hot oil and mixed with black pepper plus a bit of MSG for extra taste. Many find them to taste like normal snacks but I didn’t have the guts to try it. Just looking at it was scary. Now that you know food is a must try in Bangkok, let’s look into the sight-seeing part. If you’ve a taste for historic temples, Wat Arun situated at the side of the Chao Phraya River is one of the many temples present and preserved in Bangkok is one you should not miss. What sets this apart from the rest is that King Taksin found shelter in this particular temple during a fight with the Burmese army. During his reign, he later renamed it Wat Cheang which means Temple of Dawn and was one of the chief temples that enshrined rare Buddha sculptures. Taking pictures with the beautiful architecture and craftsmanship is one moment that will leave a lasting memory about Bangkok. Tip, during your short trip there, side stalls renting historic clothes of the beautiful Siam servants can be worn to spice up your time there. No visit to Bangkok would be complete without an introduction to the floating market. Everything is done on boats like selling, buying and eating. The market gets up early so must you If you want to share in this uniquely Thai experience. While it may seem like a shock to some, there is also a condom restaurant called Cabbage amp; Condoms. The name may bring a lot of controversy but this particular restaurant was actually opened by the ministry of Thailand to increase awareness about family planning and safe sex. Though this restaurant carries a good cause, the unique atmosphere and good food makes the place a must go when one visits Bangkok. Well, that’s all for interesting places to visit. And here comes my favourite part, shopping. Bangkok can also be classified as a shopping haven and it has more than enough shopping malls to suit every lifestyle. For students like you and I, places like Platinum Mall, MBK and Chatuchak Market are enough to make you literally shop till you drop. MBK is a mega mall that houses about 2,000 shops and sells things that range from clothing, accessories, bags to furniture, electronic products and stationery items. Naraya, a famous fashion line for women created in-house in Thailand has their shop open in MBK. If money isn’t a primary concern, do drop by at Naraya for a visit as you would not be disappointed. I wasn’t. Platinum Mall should appeal to many as it is a mall that has thousands of wholesalers operating inside. Like MBK, Platinum Mall sells almost everything and most importantly has clothes that is priced half as much as you see in Malaysia. Chatuchak Market is alike Platinum Mall except for the fact that it is open air. Here is a fun fact about this market that would make you go wow. Can you imagine a sum of 40 football fields is actually equal to a Chatuchak Market? That’s why finding a particular shop in the market is like finding needle in a haystack. Young businessmen always try their luck to sell their own manufactured items, Thai snacks can be found abundant and special shaved coconut drink with coconut ice-cream are sold in Chatuchak Market. Trust me, it is mouth-watering. As shopping takes up a lot of leg strength, one can unwind through Thai massages. Bangkok’s spas are your inner-city gateways to seventh heaven. But before you go finding one, be sure to find reputable and pay a little extra because you don’t know what happens behind the scenes. Quality filled spas offer serene atmospheres and highly trained masseuse that will definitely take the tiredness away from you. If you’re on a budget and would like to travel, I highly recommend Bangkok. Especially if you’re game for an adventure, Bangkok offers an exotic culture with the hustle and bustle of the city and it is definitely one city that offers countless amounts of activities. Just listening to the guide will not justify the fun these activities bring when experienced in real life. As quoted by Isadora Duncan, â€Å"What one has not experienced, one will not understand in print. †, so experience all these first hand as you won’t regret. Kap pun kahp.

St. Padre Pio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

St. Padre Pio - Research Paper Example When Padre Pio reached the age of 15, he was admitted into the Capuchin Order and took the name of Pio, celebrating Saint Pius. While Pio was recognized to be a pious and highly spiritual being, he had frequent trouble continuing his studies because of his suffering health. Doctors were unable to properly diagnose the illness, yet Pio was often suffering from prolonged periods of ill health and a fear of a premature death. He was given the title of priest in the year 1910, but was made to stay at home to either improve upon his health or go to his deathbed. He then returned to the friary to begin his charitable works and his spiritual mission (Ruffin, pg 16-19). On an occasion when Pio was lost in prayer in front of the crucifix, he was blessed with a vision. Pio claimed that an unknown person had appeared in front of his eyes and the person’s hands, feet, and the sides of his body were all pouring blood. As soon as the image vanished, Pio noticed that his own hands, feet, and the side of his body were pouring blood. This was known as Pio’s visible Stigmata, which was the cause for his initial popularity amongst the Christian community and the reason that people began to come to the Saint for cures to their problems and illnesses. Pio bore the marks of the Stigmata for 50 years of his life. The Stigmata represents the wounds and bearings of Christ upon crucifixion and are a Holy mark and symbol of suffering, which was also borne by St. Francis before Pio. The blood pouring from the wounds was said to have an odor like perfume and flowers which is also known as the â€Å"odor of sanctity†. Pio’s wounds only closed a few hours before his death (Thomas, pg 43-45). During his life, Pio was said to have suffered from multiple illnesses and was constantly suffering from ill health. Amongst some of the illnesses he suffered was typhoid fever, constant vomiting, loss of sleep, and migraine attacks.

Fire service administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fire service administration - Essay Example In many cases, such fire may spread to the other households if it is not dealt with in time. For this reason, an education program would be set to educate people in my community concerning the dangers of fire due to electrical appliances and open fire. This program will help in reducing the cases of fire within the community. The key targets with the risk reduction education program are women of ages between 18 and 40. This is so because, this category of individuals are mostly involved with the electrical appliances and they are known to be exposed to candles. This means that women of ages between 18 and 40 do handle all the electrical cooking appliances at home. There are, therefore, the most vulnerable groups of individuals. If these individuals are educated on how to handle the electrical appliances and identify open fires, so as to avoid fires, then a greater magnitude of the fires would be reduced. By the end of this program, all the participants of the program would be able to identify the open fires. The participants would also be able to handle the electrical appliances with care so as to avoid the possibility of any fires. Additionally, the participants of the program would be able to identify the dangers of fire to an individual and the community. According to the prior research into the fire cases in this community, the major cause of fire is due to electrical appliances and open fires. In the past ten years, the fire department has responded to over 1,389500 fires (Chaloner 5). The effect of these fires is that it resulted into about 3000 civilian deaths, 1700 injuries to civilians, and approximately $ 12 billion of damaged properties. These fires were found to be structure fires (Wellman 12). This problem is experienced by all the residents of this community since they face devastating fire effects in their businesses, and homes. The cost involved in cleaning up and building back after the occurrence of a fire is equally monumental (Begon 33).

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection Research Paper

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection - Research Paper Example Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection affects women mainly causing cervical cancer (Levesque, 2014). Cancer is a chronic illness that is deadly, quite expensive to treat and manage. Most women who suffer from cervical cancer end up having their uterus or part of the cervix removed (Chaturvedi, et al. 2011). The implication is that they may never conceive from that point forward. The danger of this infection thus underscores the significance of the topic on health care of women. Research indicates that up to 90 percent of the disease would just go away without manifesting symptoms (Ma, et al. 2014).In this regard, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can be passed from one person to another even without knowing it and at a very high rate causing more harm. There is significant challenge in respect of early treatment of this disease for one simple reason; cancer caused by this virus does not show symptoms until at a later stage that makes it even more deadly. Chaturvedi, A. K., Engels, E. A., Pfeiffer, R. M., Hernandez, B. Y., Xiao, W., Kim, E., ... & Gillison, M. L. (2011). Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States.  Journal of Clinical Oncology,  29(32), 4294-4301. Ma, Y., Madupu, R., Karaoz, U., Nossa, C. W., Yang, L., Yooseph, S., ... & Pei, Z. (2014). Human papillomavirus community in healthy persons, defined by metagenomics analysis of human microbiome project shotgun sequencing data sets.  Journal of virology,  88(9),

Substance abuse in youth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Substance abuse in youth - Essay Example In the pursuit of putting an end to these social evils immediate steps and efforts need to be focused on programs fostering today’s youth towards a healthy life both physically and socially. The topic is of both personal and professional interest for me because I have worked as a counselor in the criminal justice field over the course of last few years. I got to interact with youth gang members having substance abuse issues and other problem behaviors. This is how I got intrigued with this field and realized the need to establish a strong foundation in preventing substance abuse in youth. In this study the researchers studied the association between the youth gangs and their drug usage and trafficking and also to violence and criminal activities. In relevance to the thesis statement the report shows a recent peak in the consumption of drugs by the youth esp. the youth gang members when compared to non-gang member youth and its negative impact on the society in the form of violent crimes. Youth has always been taken as an asset for a community but baneful activities such as substance abuse makes them detrimental for a society and more of a liability. Considering today’s exceptionally large need of man-power for a country’s progress, economic growth and industrial development special attention needs to be paid to youth development, empowerment and right social and moral upbringing. With the above consideration and also the intention to make the society a better place to live and free of heinous crimes the society needs to take immediate actions against these growing negative trends amongst the youth but in a positive way. The solution lies in training, civilizing and developing the youth on the pattern which makes them a contributor and an asset for the community and not in just hazing the youth gangs. A better youth and a society free of gang division and violence will guarantee a better and prosperous

Research on Tenured Teachers in the School System Paper

On Tenured Teachers in the School System - Research Paper Example Yet another essential detail to be considered is delivered through the understanding of cost as a relative good. Teachers with good reputation and solid experience are often expensive, which can be regarded by school administration as a shortcoming. Tenure protects experienced teachers from being dismissed for this reason. On the other hand, this same issue of protection becomes the primary disadvantage of tenure when doubts of the teacher’s competence raise. Due to tenure, it might become a problem to fire such a teacher without primarily addressing a lot of bureaucratic issues at hand. Moreover, another disadvantage that should be addressed here is that undergoing the legislatively fixed procedure of firing a teacher is costly and thus a lot of institutions might ignore the necessity of dismissing a teacher based on this consideration alone. In order to avoid this problem, some institutions are prone to secrecy by providing a teacher to dismiss certain sum of money (Mathis, 2010). This allows the schools to avoid disclosure and the expensive, long and difficult process of firing a tenured teacher. There is a set of other pros and cons that should be considered when talking about teacher tenure. Among the pros, there is a notion that tenure is actually quite a useful and beneficial instrument when used correctly (McGuinn, 2010, p. 26). Tenure can create the environment that allows the teachers to improve as it creates healthy competition and motivates teachers without tenure to work harder to get it.

Commercial uses of GPS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Commercial uses of GPS - Assignment Example GPS-enabled transporters can be activated when removed from selected machines and provide location updates for recovery. Apart from machines, humans can insert GPS devices in their body for tracking, in case they operate in insecure areas, or are wealthy enough to afford one. A satellite-linked GPS receiver can provide accurate navigational data on the location of a victim and aid in a rescue mission. In shipping, GPS has diverse valuable applications in navigation and service delivery. It is applicable if a company pairs a GPS tracker with a radio transponder for tracking purposes. It can ease their operations significantly, for instance, identification of problems in the course of transportation. The resultant up-to-the-minute update on a movement of products is helpful for companies, as it can help transportation trucks avoid traffic or accident routes. In addition, it is useful in commercial transportation, for instance, one can determine the distance and time a bus or train takes to arrive at its destination. In the contemporary society, companies use GPS in their advertisement and marketing strategies. GPS receivers in portable services such as cell phones enable location-based service delivery in terms of marketing. The GPS device offers estimated geographical location when one connects to a network using a GPS enabled device. In addition, social networking companies such as Twitter have taken up the trend, and offer services to ‘nearby’ consumers. Personalization of service delivery promotes efficiency because it connects virtual presence to real-world nearness. In addition, GPS is widely applicable in survey work and real estate processes. It saves hours of survey work because it enables verification of property location and property size online.